Gucomeka bishyushye, bizwi kandi nka Hot Swap, ni ikintu cyemerera abakoresha gukuraho no gusimbuza ibikoresho byangiritse nka disiki zikomeye, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, cyangwa amakarita yo kwagura badafunze sisitemu cyangwa ngo bahagarike amashanyarazi. Ubu bushobozi bwongera ubushobozi bwa sisitemu yo gukiza ibiza ku gihe, ubunini, kandi bworoshye. Kurugero, sisitemu yindorerwamo yindorerwamo igenewe porogaramu zohejuru zikoreshwa kenshi zitanga imikorere ishyushye.
Mubyerekeranye namasomo, gushyushya-gushiramo bikubiyemo Gusimburwa Gushyushye, Kwaguka Bishyushye, no Kuzamura Ubushyuhe. Byatangijwe bwa mbere muri seriveri kugirango tunoze imikoreshereze ya seriveri. Muri mudasobwa zacu za buri munsi, USB interineti ni ingero zisanzwe zo gucomeka. Hatariho gucomeka, nubwo disiki yangiritse kandi ikabura amakuru ikumirwa, abayikoresha baracyafunga by'agateganyo sisitemu kugirango basimbuze disiki. Ibinyuranye, hamwe nikoranabuhanga rishyushye, abakoresha barashobora gufungura gusa ihuza ryihuza cyangwa gufata kugirango bakure disiki mugihe sisitemu ikomeje gukora idahagarara.
Gushyira mubikorwa bishyushye bisaba inkunga mubice byinshi, harimo amashanyarazi ya bisi, ikibaho kibanza BIOS, sisitemu y'imikorere, hamwe nabashoferi. Kugenzura niba ibidukikije byujuje ibisabwa byihariye bituma habaho gushyuha. Sisitemu ya bisi isanzwe ishyigikira igice cya tekinoroji ishyushye, cyane cyane kuva 586 igihe kwagura bisi yo hanze byatangijwe. Guhera mu 1997, verisiyo nshya ya BIOS yatangiye gushyigikira ubushobozi bwo gucomeka no gukina, nubwo iyi nkunga itari ikubiyemo amashanyarazi yuzuye ariko yapfunditse gusa ashyushye no kuyasimbuza ashyushye. Nyamara, iri koranabuhanga niryo rikoreshwa cyane mubintu bishyushye, bityo bikarenga kububiko bwa BIOS.
Kubijyanye na sisitemu y'imikorere, inkunga yo gucomeka no gukina yatangijwe na Windows 95. Icyakora, inkunga yo gucomeka ishyushye yari mike kugeza Windows NT 4.0. Microsoft yamenye akamaro ko gucomeka bishyushye muri seriveri hanyuma rero, inkunga yuzuye-icomeka yongewe muri sisitemu y'imikorere. Iyi mikorere yarakomeje binyuze muri verisiyo yakurikiyeho ya Windows ishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rya NT, harimo Windows 2000 / XP. Mugihe cyose verisiyo ya sisitemu ikora hejuru ya NT 4.0 ikoreshwa, infashanyo yuzuye yo gucomeka iratangwa. Kubireba abashoferi, imikorere ishyushye-yashyizwe mubikorwa bya Windows NT, NetWare ya Novell, na SCO UNIX. Muguhitamo abashoferi bahujwe na sisitemu y'imikorere, ikintu cya nyuma cyo kugera kubushobozi bushyushye burasohora.
Muri mudasobwa zisanzwe, ibikoresho bihujwe binyuze muri USB (Universal Serial Bus) hamwe na IEEE 1394 birashobora kugera kubintu bishyushye. Muri seriveri, ibice bishobora kuba bishyushye cyane birimo disiki zikomeye, CPU, kwibuka, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, abafana, adaptate ya PCI, hamwe namakarita y'urusobe. Mugihe ugura seriveri, nibyingenzi kwitondera ibice bishyigikira amashanyarazi ashyushye, kuko ibi bizagira ingaruka cyane kubikorwa bizaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-21-2023
