Seriveri igizwe na sisitemu nyinshi, buriwese ufite uruhare runini muguhitamo imikorere ya seriveri. Sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zirakomeye mubikorwa bitewe na porogaramu seriveri ikoreshwa kuri.
Izi seriveri sisitemu zirimo:
1. Gutunganya na Cache
Utunganya ni umutima wa seriveri, ushinzwe gukemura hafi ibikorwa byose. Nuburyo bukomeye cyane, kandi hariho imyumvire itari yo ivuga ko abatunganya byihuse buri gihe ari byiza gukuraho imikorere idahwitse.
Mubice byingenzi byashizwe muri seriveri, abatunganya akenshi usanga bakomeye kuruta izindi sisitemu. Nyamara, porogaramu zidasanzwe gusa zirashobora gukoresha neza ibyiza byabatunganya kijyambere nka P4 cyangwa 64-bit bitunganya.
Kurugero, classique ya seriveri ingero nka seriveri ya seriveri ntabwo yishingikiriza cyane kumurimo utunganya akazi kuko igice kinini cyimodoka ya dosiye ikoresha tekinoroji ya Memory Access (DMA) kugirango yirengagize gutunganya, bitewe nurusobe, ububiko, hamwe na disiki ya disiki ikomeye kugirango yinjizwe.
Uyu munsi, Intel itanga ama progaramu atandukanye yatunganijwe kuri X-seriveri. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro nibyiza hagati yabatunganya ibintu ni ngombwa.
Cache, ifatwa nkibice bigize sisitemu yo kwibuka, ihujwe kumubiri na processor. CPU na cache bikorana cyane, hamwe na cache ikora hafi kimwe cya kabiri cyumuvuduko wibikorwa cyangwa bihwanye.
2. Bus ya PCI
Bus ya PCI ni umuyoboro wo kwinjiza no gusohora amakuru muri seriveri. Seriveri zose za X zikoresha bisi ya PCI (harimo PCI-X na PCI-E) kugirango ihuze adaptate zingenzi nka SCSI na disiki zikomeye. Seriveri zohejuru zisanzwe zifite bisi nyinshi za PCI hamwe na PCI nyinshi ugereranije na moderi zabanjirije iyi.
Bisi zateye imbere za PCI zirimo tekinoroji nka PCI-X 2.0 na PCI-E, zitanga amakuru menshi yo kwinjiza no guhuza ubushobozi. Chip ya PCI ihuza CPU na cache muri bisi ya PCI. Uru rutonde rwibigize rucunga isano hagati ya bisi ya PCI, itunganya, hamwe na sisitemu yo kwibuka kugirango yongere imikorere muri rusange.
3. Kwibuka
Kwibuka bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa bya seriveri. Niba seriveri idafite ububiko buhagije, imikorere yayo iragenda yangirika, nkuko sisitemu y'imikorere ikeneye kubika amakuru yinyongera murwibutso, ariko umwanya ntuhagije, bigatuma amakuru ahagarara kuri disiki ikomeye.
Ikintu kimwe kigaragara muburyo bwububiko bwa X-seriveri ya seriveri ni indorerwamo yibuka, itezimbere ubudahangarwa no kwihanganira amakosa. Ubu buhanga bwo kwibuka bwa IBM burasa cyane na RAID-1 kuri disiki zikomeye, aho kwibuka bigabanijwe mumatsinda yindorerwamo. Imikorere yindorerwamo ishingiye kubikoresho, bisaba ko nta nkunga yinyongera ituruka kuri sisitemu y'imikorere.
4. Disiki Ikomeye
Ukurikije uko umuyobozi abibona, disiki ya disiki ikomeye ni urufunguzo rugena imikorere ya seriveri. Muburyo bukurikirana bwibikoresho byo kubika kumurongo (cache, kwibuka, disiki ikomeye), disiki ikomeye niyo itinda ariko ifite ubushobozi bunini. Kuri seriveri nyinshi za porogaramu, amakuru hafi ya yose abikwa kuri disiki ikomeye, bigatuma disiki yihuta ya disiki ikomeye.
RAID isanzwe ikoreshwa mukongera umwanya wo kubika muri seriveri. Ariko, RAID igizwe cyane cyane nibikorwa bya seriveri. Guhitamo urwego rutandukanye rwa RAID kugirango usobanure disiki zitandukanye zumvikana zigira ingaruka kumikorere, kandi umwanya wabitswe hamwe namakuru yuburinganire aratandukanye. Ikarita ya seriveri ya IBM ya ServeRAID hamwe namakarita ya IBM Fibre itanga amahitamo yo gushyira mubikorwa urwego rwa RAID zitandukanye, buri kimwe nuburyo bwihariye.
Ikindi kintu gikomeye mubikorwa ni umubare wa disiki zikomeye muburyo bwagenwe: disiki nyinshi, nibyiza byinjira. Gusobanukirwa uburyo RAID ikemura ibyifuzo bya I / O bigira uruhare runini mugutezimbere imikorere.
Ubuhanga bushya bwa serial, nka SATA na SAS, ubu burimo gukoreshwa mugutezimbere imikorere no kwizerwa.
5. Umuyoboro
Umuyoboro uhuza imiyoboro ni interineti inyuramo seriveri ivugana nisi yo hanze. Niba amakuru ashobora kugera kumikorere isumba iyindi, sisitemu ikomeye ya sisitemu irashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere rusange ya seriveri.
Igishushanyo mbonera ningirakamaro kimwe nkibishushanyo mbonera bya seriveri. Guhindura kugena ibice bitandukanye byurusobe cyangwa gukoresha tekinoroji nka ATM birakwiye ko tubisuzuma.
Ikarita ya neti ya Gigabit ubu ikoreshwa cyane muri seriveri kugirango itange ibyinjira byinjira cyane. Nyamara, tekinoroji nshya nka TCP Offload Moteri (TOE) kugirango igere ku gipimo cya 10G nayo iri murwego rwo hejuru.
6. Ikarita y'Ibishushanyo
Kugaragaza sisitemu muri seriveri ntabwo ari ngombwa kuko ikoreshwa gusa mugihe abayobozi bakeneye kugenzura seriveri. Abakiriya ntibigera bakoresha ikarita yubushushanyo, kuberako imikorere ya seriveri idakunze gushimangira iyi sisitemu.
7. Sisitemu ikora
Dufata sisitemu yo gukora nkibishobora kuba icyuho, kimwe nubundi buryo bukomeye bwa disiki. Muri sisitemu y'imikorere nka Windows, Linux, ESX Server, na NetWare, hari igenamiterere rishobora guhinduka kugirango imikorere ya seriveri irangire.
Imikorere-igena sisitemu biterwa na seriveri ya porogaramu. Kumenya no gukuraho inzitizi zirashobora kugerwaho hifashishijwe gukusanya no gusesengura amakuru yimikorere. Nyamara, iki gikorwa ntigishobora kurangizwa icyarimwe, kuko icyuho gishobora gutandukana nimpinduka zumurimo wa seriveri, bishoboka kumunsi cyangwa buri cyumweru.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-20-2023
